Mental health problems vs challenges

Does someone have a mental health problem or a mental health challenge?

The difference is significant.

With mental health well-and-truely mainstream, the way you refer to someone’s mental health difficulty matters.

A problem is to be fixed. It has a solution. 
A challenge is to be managed. It is to be wrestled with. It is to be balanced.

I see this significance in the classroom when it comes to the way a child with mental health difficulties is catered to.

Problems are obstacles. They defeat you or you overcome them.
Challenges can be worked with and catered to.